Close 1" · Normal 1" · Loose 1" — nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" to the nearest standard drill (common shop practice).
Hex head (across flats)
2-1/4"
Close 1" · Normal 1" · Loose 1" — nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" to the nearest standard drill (common shop practice).
Tightening torque estimate
Target preload is 75% of proof load; torque is estimated from T = K · F · d.
Grade / class
Stress area
Preload
Torque
SAE Grade 2
1.6266 in²
67097 lbf
1677 lb·ft · 20129 lb·in
SAE Grade 5
1.6266 in²
103695 lbf
2592 lb·ft · 31108 lb·in
SAE Grade 8
1.6266 in²
146393 lbf
3660 lb·ft · 43918 lb·in
These figures assume a nut factor of K = 0.20 (dry / as-received steel). K captures thread and head friction and can swing torque by 30% or more — a lubricated joint needs noticeably less. Change the lubrication assumption in the bolt-torque calculator.
What tap drill do I need for 1-1/2-16 UN?
For a 1-1/2-16 UN thread, drill the hole with a 1" tap drill (25.4 mm) before tapping. That produces roughly 616% thread engagement, the usual target for a strong, tappable hole. The mating bolt has a major diameter of 38.1 mm and a pitch of 1.588 mm (16 TPI).
To pass a 1-1/2-16 UN bolt through a part rather than thread it, use a clearance hole: Close 1" · Normal 1" · Loose 1" — nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" to the nearest standard drill (common shop practice)..
All values are generated from the standard thread formulas (ISO 68-1 / ASME B1.1) and published standard tables — not hand-entered. See the full reference.