Dimensions, drill sizes and wrench sizes for 1-16 UN.
Designation
1-16 UN
Major (outside) diameter
25.4 mm · 1"
Pitch
1.588 mm · 16 TPI
Pitch diameter
24.369 mm · 0.9594"
Minor diameter (external)
23.452 mm · 0.9233"
Minor diameter (internal)
23.682 mm · 0.9323"
Recommended tap drill
15/16" · 23.81 mm · ≈77% thread
Clearance hole
Close 1" · Normal 1-1/32" · Loose 1-1/16" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" (common shop practice), given as the sums themselves because they are larger than the 1" end of the standard drill table.
Hex head (across flats)
1-1/2"
Socket key (across flats)
3/4"
Close 1" · Normal 1-1/32" · Loose 1-1/16" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" (common shop practice), given as the sums themselves because they are larger than the 1" end of the standard drill table.
1-16 UN in numbers
1-16 UN is 1.0000 in across the crests with 16 threads per inch, a 1.588 mm pitch. The basic pitch diameter is 24.369 mm and the bolt's minor diameter 23.452 mm, so the thread is 0.974 mm deep on the bolt. Its tensile stress area is 0.6927 in², 14% more than the coarser 1-8 UNC at the same diameter. The nearest metric size, M24 × 3.0, is 1.40 mm smaller across the crests and its pitch is 1.412 mm coarser, so the two do not interchange.
Tap drill by thread percentage
Hole = D − % × 0.0129904 × P, with D = 25.4 mm and P = 1.588 mm. A smaller hole leaves more thread; the recommended 15/16" drill above gives about 77%.
Tap-drill hole diameters for 1-16 UN at several thread percentages.
Thread
Hole (mm)
Hole (in)
Nearest drill
60%
24.16
0.9513
61/64" (0.9531 in) gives 58%
65%
24.06
0.9472
61/64" (0.9531 in) gives 58%
70%
23.96
0.9431
15/16" (0.9375 in) gives 77%
75%
23.85
0.9391
15/16" (0.9375 in) gives 77%
Tightening torque estimate
Target preload is 75% of proof load; torque is estimated from T = K · F · d.
Proof-load preload and estimated tightening torque for 1-16 UN by fastener grade or property class.
Grade / class
Stress area
Preload
Torque
SAE Grade 2
0.6927 in²
17143 lbf
286 lb·ft · 3429 lb·in
SAE Grade 5
0.6927 in²
44157 lbf
736 lb·ft · 8831 lb·in
SAE Grade 8
0.6927 in²
62339 lbf
1039 lb·ft · 12468 lb·in
Strengths are SAE J429 for this diameter band. J429 steps down with size: Grade 2 falls to 33 ksi proof above 3/4 in and Grade 5 to 74 ksi above 1 in, so these figures are not the small-size values.
These figures assume a nut factor of K = 0.20 (dry / as-received steel). K captures thread and head friction and can swing torque by 30% or more - a lubricated joint needs noticeably less. Change the lubrication assumption in the bolt-torque calculator.
Put 1-16 UN on a job sheet
The bolt schedule collects the fasteners for one job onto a single sheet - tap drill, wrench size, grade and tightening torque on every line, taken straight from pages like this one. Free schedules hold 3 lines and are saved in this browser only.
For a 1-16 UN thread, drill the hole with a 15/16" tap drill (23.81 mm) before tapping. That produces roughly 77% thread engagement, the usual target for a strong, tappable hole. The mating bolt has a major diameter of 25.4 mm and a pitch of 1.588 mm (16 TPI).
To pass a 1-16 UN bolt through a part rather than thread it, use a clearance hole: Close 1" · Normal 1-1/32" · Loose 1-1/16" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" (common shop practice), given as the sums themselves because they are larger than the 1" end of the standard drill table..
All values come from the standard thread formulas (ISO 68-1 / ASME B1.1) and published standard tables. See the full reference.
Frequently asked questions
What drill size do I need to tap a 1-16 UN thread?
Drill 15/16" (23.81 mm) before tapping 1-16 UN. That leaves roughly 77% thread engagement, the usual target for a strong hole that still taps cleanly.
Is 1-16 UN a coarse or fine thread?
1-16 UN is in the UN constant-pitch series: it runs 16 threads per inch, a pitch shared across a range of diameters rather than scaled with the size.
What size clearance hole does a 1-16 UN bolt need?
Close 1" · Normal 1-1/32" · Loose 1-1/16" - nominal + 1/64" / 1/32" / 1/16" (common shop practice), given as the sums themselves because they are larger than the 1" end of the standard drill table. A clearance hole lets the 1-16 UN bolt pass through the part instead of threading into it.
How much torque should I use on a 1-16 UN bolt?
Estimated tightening torque for 1-16 UN runs from 286 lb·ft (SAE Grade 2) to 1039 lb·ft (SAE Grade 8), targeting 75% of proof load with a dry nut factor of K = 0.20. Lubricated threads need noticeably less torque.
Nearest standard metric sizes by major diameter. These are substitutes by size only - the thread forms are not interchangeable, so never run one into the other.