ASME B36.10M (welded and seamless wrought steel pipe) · DN 400
Outside diameter 16.000" (406.40 mm), wall 0.500" (12.70 mm), inside diameter 15.000" (381.00 mm), 82.85 lb per foot.
| Trade size | NPS 16 · DN 400 |
|---|---|
| Schedule | Schedule 40 · same wall as XS, 80S |
| Standard | ASME B36.10M (welded and seamless wrought steel pipe) |
| Outside diameter | 16.000" · 406.40 mm |
| Wall thickness | 0.500" · 12.70 mm |
| Inside diameter | 15.000" · 381.00 mm |
| Weight, plain end | 82.85 lb/ft · 123.31 kg/m |
Cross-check: the standard plain-end weight formula W = 10.6802 x t x (OD - t) gives 82.77 lb/ft here, 0.1% from the published 82.85 lb/ft. The published figure is the one printed above.
NPS 16 schedule 40 pipe measures 16.000 in (406.40 mm) across the outside with a 0.500 in wall, so the bore is 15.000 in (381.00 mm). That bore gives a flow area of 176.7 in² and holds 9.180 US gallons per foot (114.0 litres per metre). The outside diameter is 32.0 times the wall, and the steel itself has a cross-section of 24.35 in² and weighs 82.85 lb per foot plain end. One trade size up, NPS 18 in the same schedule carries 1.27 times the flow area.
Standard wall (STD) is the next lighter wall at NPS 16: 0.375 in, 0.125 in thinner, which opens the bore to 15.250 in and adds 3.4% to the flow area, for 24% less weight per foot.
Schedule 60 is the next heavier wall at NPS 16: 0.656 in, 0.156 in thicker, which narrows the bore to 14.688 in and cuts 4.1% from the flow area, for 30% more weight per foot.
Next trade size up in this schedule: NPS 18 schedule 40, bore 16.876 in.
| Flow area | 176.7 in² |
|---|---|
| Capacity | 9.180 US gal/ft · 114.0 L/m |
| Metal area | 24.35 in² |
| Moment of inertia | 731.9 in⁴ |
| Section modulus | 91.49 in³ |
| Radius of gyration | 5.483 in |
| Outside surface | 4.189 ft² per foot |
Plain geometry of a hollow circle with OD = 16.000 in and ID = 15.000 in: flow area π/4·ID², metal area π/4·(OD² − ID²), moment of inertia π/64·(OD⁴ − ID⁴), section modulus I ÷ (OD/2), radius of gyration √(I ÷ metal area), capacity flow area × 12 ÷ 231 (231 in³ to the US gallon). Nominal dimensions, so mill tolerance and corrosion allowance are not included.
Nominal Pipe Size is a label, not a measurement. NPS 16 pipe has an outside diameter of 16.000 inches, and it keeps that outside diameter in every schedule made. What the schedule number changes is the wall: at schedule 40 the wall is 0.500 inches, so the bore comes out at 15.000 inches.
That is the practical consequence. Fittings, flanges, supports and threading dies are sized to the outside diameter, so they fit any schedule of the same trade size. Flow, pressure drop and anything that has to pass through the pipe depend on the inside diameter, which changes with every schedule. Order by trade size and schedule; work your hydraulics from the bore.
Same outside diameter of 16.000 inches throughout - only the wall and the bore move.
| Schedule | Wall (in) | ID (in) | Weight (lb/ft) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schedule 5 · 5S | 0.165 | 15.670 | 27.93 |
| Schedule 10 | 0.250 | 15.500 | 42.09 |
| Schedule 20 | 0.312 | 15.376 | 52.32 |
| Schedule 60 | 0.656 | 14.688 | 107.60 |
| Schedule 80 | 0.844 | 14.312 | 136.74 |
| Schedule 100 | 1.031 | 13.938 | 164.98 |
| Schedule 120 | 1.219 | 13.562 | 192.61 |
| Schedule 140 | 1.438 | 13.124 | 223.85 |
| Schedule 160 | 1.594 | 12.812 | 245.48 |
| Standard wall (STD) · 30, 40S | 0.375 | 15.250 | 62.64 |
| Schedule 10S | 0.188 | 15.624 | not published |
0.500 inches (12.70 mm). The outside diameter is 16.000 inches (406.40 mm) whatever the schedule, so this wall leaves an inside diameter of 15.000 inches.
15.000 inches (381.00 mm). Inside diameter is outside diameter minus twice the wall: 16.000 - 2 x 0.500 = 15.000 inches.
No. NPS 16 is a trade size, not a measurement. The pipe measures 16.000 inches across the outside and 15.000 inches across the bore in this schedule. Only the outside diameter is fixed across schedules.
82.85 pounds per foot plain end (123.31 kg per metre), for carbon steel. The figure excludes coatings, linings and fittings.
Yes, at NPS 16. XS and 80S are the same 0.500 inch wall here. That coincidence is per size and does not hold everywhere: standard wall and schedule 40 part company above NPS 10, and extra strong and schedule 80 part company above NPS 8.
This table runs from NPS 1/8 to NPS 24 and stops there. ASME B36.10M itself continues to NPS 80; those larger sizes are not carried here, so a size above NPS 24 is missing rather than undefined.
Dimensions are as defined by ASME B36.10M (welded and seamless wrought steel pipe). This site is an independent reference and is not affiliated with, endorsed by or approved by any standards body.
Every value on this page was cross-checked against 5 independent published sources:
Nearby sizes